Аудио 2 : http://mltr.ifolder.ru/5346597
Аудио 3 : http://mltr.ifolder.ru/5359220
Lesson 032
separate
- отдельный, обособленныйseparating - разделение (процесс разделения), разделительный, разделяющий (разделяющий объекты)
A separate digital readout gave him the latitude and longitude.
Отдельный цифровой вывод данных дал ему широту и долготу.
to separate - отделять, разделять; разъединять; отсоединять
separate, separated, separated, separating
Pitt used his time to separate the strands from a section of nylon line and knot them into a fishing line.
Питт использовал его время (не спеша работал), чтобы разделить пряди из секции нейлонового каната и связать их в рыболовную леску.
to send - посылать, отправлять; отсылать, направлять
send, sent, sent, sending
"I suppose you couldn't send me back now, could you?
""Я полагаю, вы не могли бы послать меня обратно теперь, могли вы?"
sending - отправка, отсылка
Officials suspected our excavation operations were responsible for sending deadly sound waves throughout the ocean.
Чиновники подозревали, что наши раскопки (копательные операции) были ответственны за распространение (отправку) смертельных звуковых волн через весь (по всему) океан.
sent -
отправленный, посланныйYou sent for me, Captain?
Вы посылали за мной, Капитан?
sense - чувство, ощущение
sense - смысл, значение (например, слова)
bail out - выбраться из чего-либо, из какой-то ситуации
bail out of the difficulties — выходить из затруднительного положения
He bailed into the afternoon, mechanically, losing all sense of time, barely noting the passage of the brutal sun.
Он вычерпывал воду днём ("вычерпал в день"), механически, теряя всякое чувство времени, едва замечая прохождение жестокого солнца.
to sense - ощущать, чувствовать; воспринимать органами чувств
sense, sensed, sensed, sensing
"I sensed he was dangerous when he saved Maeve."
"Я чувствовал, что он был опасен, когда он спас Маева."
sensing - считывание, опознание, восприятие
blood - кровь, кровный
bloodbath - кровавая баня, массовое убийство
flesh and blood - плоть и кровь
They quickly left the scene as the shark, sensing the small presence of blood, homed in on the bait.
Они быстро покинули место происшествия, тогда как акулы, чувствую небольшое присутствие крови, шли ("нацеливались") на приманку.
special -
особый, специальныйselect - отобранный, отборный; избранный
to select - выбирать, избирать, отбирать из
Without special instructions he probably figured we were given permission to select any boat on the pier.
Без особых инструкций, он вероятно думал, что нам было дано разрешение выбирать любое судно на плотине.
He allowed the chef to select for him a fine 1992 Ferrari-Carano Siena from Sonoma County.
Он позволил шефу выбрать для него превосходный 1992 Феррари-Карано Сиена Сономского округа.
segment -
сегмент, доля, часть; кусок; участок, секторThe red light on the camera blinked on and
Mayo stared into the lens, beginning the segment of his news program.
Красный огонёк на камере мигнул (загорелся), и
Майо уставился в объектив, начиная сегмент его новостной программы.
seem
- казаться, видеться, представлятьсяeasy - легко, просто
That seems easy to you.
Это представляется тебе простым.
"And we don't seem to have done much, do we?"
И мы, кажется, не сделали много, не так ли?
и мы не кажется иметь сделано много
ease - облегчение, избавление, покой
ease - успокаивать, уменьшать, ослаблять
mind - разум; умственные способности; ум
be at ease - чувствовать себя удобно, расслабленно
He eased himself forward, grimacing, balancing himself on two sticks.
Он подался вперёд, корчась, балансируя на двух жердях.
to mind - следить, обращать внимание
Mind your own business, boy.
Занимайся своими делами, мальчик.
"I SAY HANG THE BASTARD,
Oscar, mind your language in front of the girls."
"Я говорю, вздёрнуть ублюдка.
Оскар, следи за языком перед девушками.
seed
- семя; семечко; зерно, семенаto seed - сеять, засевать
season
- время года, сезонlady - дама, леди, госпожа
It's not once in a season we get a perfect specimen;
and when we do ladies don't seem to care for it.
Разве что раз в году мы получает идеальный образчик,
а когда получаем, девчонок, кажется, это не волнует.
It's not once in a season ...
Это есть не однажды в сезон...
square -
квадрат, квадратныйsquare - правильный, ровный, точный
Perlmutter was a pragmatic man.
He took nothing for granted.
He went back to square one and restudied the photos of the ship.
Перламутр был практичный человек.
Он ничему не верил на слово. "Брал ничего за предполагаемое"
Он вернулся назад к самому началу ("квадратному объекту") и заново изучил фото корабля.
to square - придавать квадратную форму
square - уравнивать, рассчитываться
Shall we not have to square accounts with some puissant and offended husband?
Не следует ли нам посчитаться с неким влиятельным и оскорблённым мужем?
search
- поиск, поискиarrive - прибытие
to arrive - прибывать
mile - миля (единица длины, различная в разных странах)
inch - дюйм, 2.54 сантиметра
grass - трава, газон, лужайка
More agents arrived, expanding the search for a mile around the first
President's estate,examining every square inch of ground, grass, and shrubbery.
Еще больше агентов прибыло, расширяя поиски на милю вокруг поместья первого президента,
изучая каждый квадратный дюйм земли, травы и кустарника.
score
- счёт, очки в игреscore - количество, сумма, финансовый счёт
game - игра
to know - знать
knew - знал
"Greetings
! Sorry to wake you, but I knew you were anxious to hear the score of the soccer game.""Поздравления! Извини что разбудил тебя, но я знал, что тебе не терпелось услышать футбольный счёт."
sea
- море, океанocean - океан
The old Pilottown's been tracked down at last. She wanders the sea no more.
Старый Пилотогород выследили наконец. Он (она, корабль) не бороздит более океаны.
shoe - полуботинок; туфля
shoe -
подкова, лошадиная подковаsection - секция, часть, сегмент
Abruptly the shoe was nearly torn from his hand.
A section of the heel was neatly carved off.
Внезапно, ботинок был почти вырван из его руки.
Часть каблука была ровно срезана.
shore -
берег, побережьеline - линия, полоска
line - верёвка, шнур, провод
He stood and watched the shore recede until the dock became a dirty speck on the surf line.
Он стоял и смотрел, как берег удаляется, пока (наконец) порт (док) стал грязной точкой на линии прибоя.
Grammar 29
Verb
Правильные и неправильные глаголы - Regular and irregular verbs.
Правильные глаголы образуют свою 2-ю форму (прошедшее время) и 3-ю форму (причастие прошедшего времени) путем прибавления окончания -ed к основе глагола и 4-ю форму (причастие настоящего времени) путем прибавления окончания -ing.
to ask - спрашивать, просить
ask, asked, asked, asking
to answer - отвечать
answer, answered, answered, answering
to work - работать
work, worked, worked, working
Неправильные глаголы образуют свои основные формы нерегулярно. Основные неправильные глаголы здесь.
Переходные и непереходные глаголы - Transitive and Intransitive verbs.
Переходные глаголы - это глаголы, действие которых переходит на дополнение. Непереходные - это глаголы, действие которых лишь характеризует подлежащее и не переходит на дополнение.
Переходными в английском являются глаголы, которые могут иметь при себе прямое дополнение, т.е. присоединяемое к глаголу без предлога.
He asked me.
Он спросил меня.
She drinks milk in the morning.
По утрам она пьет молоко.
Непереходными являются все прочие глаголы, в частности, глаголы, которые вообще не могут иметь при себе дополнения.
Не goes to the institute.
Он ходит в институт.
She moves to a new house.
Она переезжает в новый дом.
Grammar Reference. Unit
3.3.0 Introduction to past tenses
We use different past tenses to focus on different moments and periods of time in the past.
Look at the sentences. It's 10:00 now.
Event at 9:30 - When Mary arrived at work at 9:00 a.m., her secretary opened the post.
Event at 9:00 - When Mary arrived at work at 9:00 a.m., her secretary was opening the post.
Event at 8:30 - When Mary arrived at work at 9:00 a.m., her secretary had opened the post.
3.1 Past Simple
The form of the Past Simple is the same for all persons.
Positive
I arrived yesterday.
We left two weeks ago.
They ate at 5 o'clock.
Negative
I didn't finish yesterday.
She didn't leave at 5 o'clock.
You didn't eat this morning.
Question
When did she get married?
When did you finish the report?
When did they come?
Short answer
Did you enjoy the meal?
Yes, I did.
No, we didn't.
The Past Simple is used to express:
1. A finished action in the past.
We met in 1999.
I went to London last week.
John left two minutes ago.
2. Actions that follow each other in a story.
Mary walked into the room and stopped. She listened carefully. She heard a noise coming from behind the curtain. She threw the curtain open, and then she saw...
3. A past situation or habit.
When I was a child, we lived in a small house near the sea. Every day I walked for miles on the beach with my dog.
This use is often expressed with used to:
We used to live in a small house. I used to walk for miles.
Spelling of verb + -ed
1. Most verbs add -ed to the base form of the verb.
worked, wanted, helped, washed
2. When the verb ends in -e, add -d.
liked, used, hated, cared
3. If the verb has only one syllable, with one vowel + one consonant, double the consonant before adding -ed.
stopped, planned, robbed
But we write cooked, seated, moaned because there are two vowels.
4. The consonant is not doubled if it is -y or -w.
played, showed
5. In the most two-syllable verbs, the end consonant is doubled if the stress is on the second syllable.
preferred, admitted
But we write entered, visited because the stress is on the first syllable.
6. Verbs that end in a consonant + -y change the -y to -ied.
carried, hurried, buried
But we write enjoyed, because it ends in a vowel + -y.
There are many common irregular verbs.
Past Simple and time expressions.
Look at the time expressions that are common with the Past Simple.
I met her last night.
two days ago, yesterday morning, in 1999, in summer, when I was young
3.2 Past Continuous
Positive and negative form
| I was working | I wasn't working | We were working | We weren't working. |
| You were working | You weren't working. | You were working | You weren't working. |
| He was working | He wasn't working | They were working | They weren't working. |
| She was working | She wasn't working | ||
| It was working | It wasn't working |
Questions
| What was I doing? | What were we doing? |
| What were you doing? | What were you doing? |
| What was he doing? | What were they doing? |
| What was she doing? | |
| What was it doing? |
Short answer
Were you looking for me?
Yes, I was. No, I wasn't.
Were they waiting outside?
Yes, they were. No, they weren't.
We often use the Past Continuous in sentences with the Past Simple. The Past Continuous refers to longer, background activities, while the Past Simple refers to shorter, completed actions.
The children were playing in the garden when their grandparents arrived.
The Past Continuous is used:
1. To express activities in progress before, and probably after, a particular time in the past.
At 7 o'clock this morning I was having my breakfast.
I walked past your house last night. There was an awful lot of noise. What were you doing?
2. For descriptions.
Mary looked beautiful. She was wearing a green cotton dress. Her eyes were shining in the light of the candles that were burning nearby.
3. To express an interrupted past activity.
When the phone rang, I was having a shower.
While we were praying, it started to rain.
4. To express an incomplete activity in the past in order to contrast with the Past Simple that expresses a completed activity.
I was reading a book during the flight. (I didn't finish it.)
I watched a film during the flight. (The whole film.)
Note: The Past Simple is usually used to express a repeated past habit or situation. But the Past Continuous can be used if the repeated habit becomes a long setting for someone.
Compare:
I went out with Jenny for ten years.
I first met Mary while I was going out with Jenny.
Времена Английских глаголов
Согласование времён. Косвенная (непрямая) речь
.Предложениями с непрямой речью не прямо цитируют, а "пересказывают" чье-либо высказывание.
Reported commands
Команда, просьба в непрямой речи обычно выражается инфинитивным оборотом.
form of to tell + to + infinitive.
| Affirmative commands | Negative commands |
| Father: "Do your homework." | Teacher. "Don't talk to your neighbour." |
| Father told me to do my homework. | The teacher told me not to talk to my neighbour. |
Reported questions
Вопрос в непрямой речи вводится союзами if, whether, а также вопросительными словами.
"Will you help us?" I asked him.
I asked if he would help us.
Я спросил, не поможет ли он нам.
И общий вопрос ( Yes-No question ), и специальный вопрос ( с вопросительным словом), вводятся союзами if и whether.
| Question without question words (yes/no question) | Question with question words |
| Peter: "Do you play football?" | Peter: "When do you play football?" |
| Peter asked me whether (if) I played football. | Peter asked me when I played football. |
| Петя спросил меня, играю ли/играл ли я в футбол. | Петя спросил меня, когда я играл в футбол. |
| I suppose he has money, hasn't he? | How many employees are there in the room? |
| I asked if he had money. | I wondered how many employees there were in the room. |
| Я спросил, есть ли/были ли у него деньги. | Я подумал, сколько работников было в комнате. |
In Reported speech there is no question anymore, the sentence becomes a statement.
That's why the word order is: subject - verb
В Косвенной речи вопрос не используется, предложение становится утвердительным.
Порядок слов: субъект - глагол.
Where are you going?
She asked me where I was going.
Она спросила меня, куда я шел.
Reported speech
(Indirect speech). Statements.Утвердительное предложение в непрямой речи обычно преобразуется в именное придаточное предложение, введенное союзом that.
"I'll help you," he said.
He said that he would help us.
Он сказал, что поможет нам.
Sequence of tenses -
Последовательность времён, согласование времён1) Если предложение описывает настоящее время, "сдвигать назад во времени" не нужно.
Susan: "I work in an office."
Susan says that she works in an office.
Сюзанна: "Я работаю в офисе".
Сюзанна говорит, что она работает в офисе.
- сейчас работает, всё время работает2) Если сообщается, что кто-либо что-либо сказал, происходит "сдвиг в прошлое".
Susan: "I work in an office."
Susan said that she worked in an office.
Сюзанна: "Я работаю в офисе".
Сюзанна сказала (сообщила), что она работала в офисе.
Таблица "сдвиг в прошлое".
| Backshift of tenses | |
|---|---|
| from | to |
| Simple Present | Simple Past |
| Simple Past | Past Perfect |
| Present Perfect | |
| Past Perfect | |
| will | would |
| Progressive forms | |
| am/are/is | was/were |
| was/were | had been |
| has been | |
| had been | |
Примеры "сдвига в прошлое".
| Backshift of tenses | |
|---|---|
| from | to |
| Peter: "I work in the garden." | Peter said that he worked in the garden. |
| Peter: "I worked in the garden." | Peter said that he had worked in the garden. |
| Peter: "I have worked in the garden." | |
| Peter: "I had worked in the garden." | |
| Peter: "I will work in the garden." | Peter said that he would work in the garden. |
| Peter: "I can work in the garden." | Peter said that he could work in the garden. |
| Peter: "I may work in the garden." | Peter said that he might work in the garden. |
| Peter: "I would work in the garden." | |
| (could, might, should, ought to) | Peter: "I would work in the garden." |
| (could, might, should, ought to) | |
| Progressive forms | |
| Peter: "I'm working in the garden." | Peter said that he was working in the garden. |
| Peter: "I was working in the garden." | Peter said that he had been working in the garden. |
| Peter: "I have been working in the garden." | |
| Peter: "I had been working in the garden." | |
Shifting of the expressions of time
. If the sentence contains an expression of time, you must change it as well.В придаточном предложении при изменении прямой речи в косвенную происходит замена наречий места, времени и указательных местоимений.
Peter: "I worked in the garden yesterday."
Peter said that he had worked in the garden the day before.
Петя: "Я работал в саду вчера."
Петя сказал, что он работал в саду днём прежде.
| this (evening) | that (evening) | это, этот, эти / то, тот, те |
| today/this day | that day | сегодня, в этот день / в тот день |
| these (days) | those (days) | |
| now | then | сейчас / тогда |
| (a week) ago | (a week) before | |
| last weekend | the weekend before / the previous weekend | прошлые выходные / предыдущие выходные |
| last week, year | the previous week, year | на прошлой неделе / предыдущей неделей |
| here | there | здесь / там |
| next (week, year) | the next week, the following (week, year) | на следующей неделе / в последующую неделю |
| tomorrow | the next/following day | завтра / на следующий день |
| yesterday | the day before, the previous day | вчера / накануне, прошлым днём |
Note:
In some cases the backshift of tenses is not necessary, e.g. when statements are still true.Заметки: В некоторых случаях, "сдвигать в прошлое" не обязательно, если смысл ясен из контекста, описывается неизменяемая во времени ситуация, сообщаются общеизвестные факты.
John: "My brother is at London university."
John said that his brother was at London university.
John said that his brother is at London university.
Джон сказал, что его брат (был/сейчас есть) в Лондонском университете.
Mary: "The sun rises in the East."
Mary said that the sun rose in the East.
Mary said that the sun rises in the East.
Мери сказала, что солнце взошло/восходит на востоке.
Согласование времен не применяется к модальным глаголам ( Modal verbs ) would, should, could, might, ought, must. То же самое касается need в модальном значении и had better.
I told him what he had better do under the circumstances.
Я сказал ему, как лучше поступить в сложившихся обстоятельствах.
Глагол say с предлогом to можно заменять глаголом tell без предлога.
to say - говорить, произносить, сообщать
to tell - говорить, сказать, приказать
He said to
the policeman that...He told policeman that...
Примеры
"He had a message for you, Admiral."
"What message?"
"He said to tell you he had a train to catch."
"Он имел сообщение для вас, Адмирал."
"Что за сообщение?"
"Он сказал сообщить вам, что он имел поезд поймать (спешит на поезд)."
He told me he had admitted a Gene Seagram
who was okayed for entry by a Mrs. Bertram Austin.
Он сказал мне, он впустил Гену Мореграма,
который был позволен для входа посредством миссис Бертрам Остин.
He told me to tell you he tried to catch you
at the embassy, but you'd already left.
Он сказал мне передать тебе, он пытался поймать тебя
в посольстве, но ты уже убыл.
Grammar Reference. Unit
3.3.3 Past Simple or Past Continuous?
1. Sometimes we can use the Past Simple or the Past Continuous. The Past Simple focuses on past actions as simple fact. The Past Continuous focuses on the duration of past situation and activities.
Compare:
- I didn't see you at the party last night.
- No. I stayed at home and watched football.
- I didn't see you at the party last night.
- No, I was watching football at home.
2. Questions in the Past Simple and Past Continuous refer to different time periods: the Past Continuous asks about activities before. The Past Simple asks about what happened after.
When the war broke out, Peter was studying medicine at medical school. He decided that is was safer to go home to his parents and postpone his studies.
What was Peter doing when the war broke out?
He was studying.
What did Peter do when the war broke out?
He went home to his parents.
3.4 Past Perfect
Perfect means "before", so Past Perfect refers to an action in the past that was completed before another action in the past.
The form of the Past Perfect is the same for all persons.
Positive and negative
I'd seen him before.
You had seen him before.
He'd seen him before.
She hadn't seen her before.
We had not seen them before.
You hadn't finished work at 5 o'clock.
They'd finished work at 5 o'clock.
Question
Where had you been before?
Where had they been before?
Short answer
Has he already left?
Yes, he had.
No, he hadn't.
Use:
1. The Past Perfect is used to make clear that one action in the past happened before another action in the past.
When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my apartment and had stolen my TV, so I called the police.
from PAST to NOW
My TV was stolen / I arrived home / I called the police
Action 1: Someone broke into my apartment and stole my TV.
Action 2: I got home and called the police
I didn't want to go to the theatre with my friends because I'd seen the play before.
from PAST to NOW
I saw the play / my friends saw the play
Action 1: I saw the play.
Action 2: My friends went to the theatre to see the play.
2. Notice the difference between the following sentences:
When I got to the party, Peter went home.
(First I arrived, then Peter left.)
When I got to the party, Peter had gone home.
(First Peter left, then I arrived.)
3.5 Past tenses in the passive
Form:
Past Simple Passive : was/were + past participle
Past Continuous Passive : was/were being + past participle
Past Perfect Passive : had been + past participle
Use:
The uses are the same in the passive as in the active.
The bridge was built in 1999. (finished action in the past)
The bomb was being defused when it exploded. (finished action in the past)
The letter didn't arrive because it had been sent to my old address. (one action before another action in the past)
| Dialog 69. Why do you keep looking? | Диалог 69. Почему ты всё смотришь? |
| The executive was interviewing a young blonde for a position in his company. He wanted to find out something about her personality so he asked, "If you could have a conversation with someone, living or dead, who would it be?" | Администратор проводил интервью с молодой блондинкой по поводу должности в его компании. Он хотел узнать что-нибудь о её личности, поэтому он спросил, "Если бы вы могли поговорить с кем-либо, живым или мёртвым, кто бы это был?" |
| "The living one.", the blonde responded. | "Живой", ответила блонди. |
| Did you see anyone yesterday? No, I saw no one. | Ты видел кого-либо вчера? Не, я (не) видел никого. |
| Did you hear anything? No, I heard nothing. | Ты слышал что-нибудь? Нет, я ничего (не) слышал. |
| Did anyone speak to you? No, no one spoke to me. | Кто-нибудь говорил с тобой? Нет, никто (не) говорил со мной. |
| Did anybody tell you? No, nobody told me. | Кто-либо сообщил тебе? Нет, никто (не) сказал мне. |
| A man walks into a bar and asks for a beer. After drinking it, he looks in his shirt pocket and asks for another beer. After drinking that one, he looks in his shirt pocket again and asks for another beer. | Мужик заходит в бар и просит пиво. Выпив его, он смотрит в карман его рубашки и просит ещё пиво. Выпив его, он смотрит в карман снова и просит ещё пиво. |
| This happens about another seven times before the bartender asks him, "Why do you keep looking in your pocket?" | Так повторяется семь раз, пока бармен не спрашивает, "Почему ты всё смотришь в карман?" |
| The man replies, "I have a picture of my wife in there. When she looks good enough, I'll go home." | Мужик отвечает, "У меня фото жены там. Когда она выглядит достаточно хорошо, я пойду домой." |
| Did you buy anything this morning? No, I bought nothing. | Ты купил что-либо этим утром? Не, я (не) купил ничего. |
| Did you write to anyone yesterday? No, I wrote to no one. | Ты написал кому-нибудь вчера? Нет, я (не) написал никому. |
4.0 Introduction to modal verbs
The modal verbs are can, could, may, might, must, will, would, should, ought to. They are known as modal auxiliary verbs because they "help" another verb.
I can swim.
Do you think I should go?
Form
1. There is no -s in the third person singular.
She can ski.
He must be tired.
It might rain.
2. There is no do/does/doesn't in the question or negative.
What should I do?
Can I help you?
You mustn't steal!
He can't dance.
3. Modal auxiliary verbs are followed by the infinitive without to. The exception is ought to.
You must go.
I'll help you.
You ought to see a doctor.
4. They have no infinitives and no -ing forms. Other expressions are used instead.
I'd love to be able to ski.
I hate having to get up on cold, winter mornings.
5. They don't usually have past forms. Instead, we can use them with perfect infinitives.
You should have told me that you can't swim.
You might have drowned!
or we use other expressions:
I had to work hard in school.
Note: Could is used with a past meaning to talk about a general ability,
I could swim when I was six. (general ability)
To talk about ability on one specific occasion, we use was able to / managed to.
The prisoner was able to / managed to escape by climbing on the roof of the prison (NOT could escape).
Use
1. Modal verbs express our attitudes, opinions, and judgments of events. Compare:
"Who's that knocking on the door?"
"It's John." (This is a fact.)
"Who's that knocking on the door?"
"It could / may / might / must / should / can't /will be John. (These all express our attitude or opinion.)
2. Each modal verb has at least two meanings. One use of all of them is to express possibility or probability.
I must post this letter! (obligation)
You must be tired! (deduction, probability)
Could you help me? (polite request)
We could go to Spain for our holiday. (possibility)
You may go home now (permission)
"Where's Anna?" "I'm not sure. She may be at work." (possibility)
4.1. Modal verbs of obligation and permission. Have to, have got to.
Negative and positive forms
I have to work hard.
You have to work hard.
He has to work hard.
She doesn't have to work hard.
We have to work hard.
You don't have to work hard.
They don't have to work hard.
Question
Do you have to work hard?
Do I have to work hard?
Use
Have to is not a modal verb.
1. Have to expresses strong obligation. It expresses a general obligation based on a law or rule, based on the authority of another person. It's impersonal.
Children have to go to school until they are 16. (a law)
Mum says you have to clean your room before you go out. (mother's order)
2. Have got to is common in British English but it's more informal than have to.
I've got to go no. See you!
Don't go to bed late. We've got to get up early tomorrow.
"Go and tidy your room." "Have I got to?" "Yes, you have!"
3. Have to expresses a general repeated obligation.
I always have to tell my parents where I'm going.
Have got to expresses an obligation on one particular occasion.
I've got to get up early tomorrow to catch a train.
4.1 Modal verbs of obligation and permission. Can and be allowed to.
Affirmative and negative forms
I can park here.
You can't park here.
He isn't allowed to park here.
She is allowed to park here.
We are allowed to park here.
You aren't allowed to park here.
They are not allowed to park here.
Question
Can you park here?
Are you allowed to park here?
Is he allowed to park here?
Am I allowed to park here?
Can she park here?
Use
Can is a modal verb.
Can and be allowed to express permission. Can is more informal and usually spoken.
You can borrow my bike, but you can't have the car. I need it.
They can't come in here with those muddy shoes!
You're allowed to get married when you're 18.
Are we allowed to use a dictionary for this test?
He isn't allowed to park here.
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